Standart Commands, debug, show and test

QSG for work with junipers at cli:

Приводим  cli в привычный рабочий формат

root> set cli terminal vt100

Переходим в конфигурационный режим

root> configure

Задаём имя хоста

[edit] 

root# set system host-name JUN2

Задаём вид аутентификации и пароль админа

[edit]

root# set system root-authentication plain-text password

New password:

Retype new password:

Подтверждаем конфигурацию

[edit]

root# commit

commit complete



root@JUN2#

Проверяем разницу в изменениях предыдущей конфигурации

[edit]

root@JUN2# show |compare rollback 1

[edit system]

+ host-name JUN2

+ root-authentication  {

+           encrypted password "wkjR2k3n...белиберда"; ## SECRET DATA

+  }




[edit]

root@JUN2# 

Задаём нового пользователя для удалённого доступа, чтобы не смешивать его с рутовым

[edit]

root@JUN2# set system login user remote class super-user authenticaton plain-text-password

New password:

Retype new password:

Дальше идёт последовательное конфигурирование интерфейсов: management  fxp0 и рабочиx типа fe, ge  и т.д.
Принцип везде одинаковый в силу однотипности иерархии, цветовым помечены разделение иерархии

[edit]

root@JUN2# set interfaces [имя интерфейса] unit 0 family inet address 172.16.10.1/24

Доступ по телнету:

[edit]

root@JUN2# set system services telnet connection-limit 250

root@JUN2# set system services telnet rate-limit 100

              ATM Interfaces

Physical properties

[edit interfaces at-0/2/0]
user@Cabernet# set atm-options vpi 0 maximum-vcs 200
user@Cabernet# set encapsulation atm-pvc
user@Cabernet# set description "Connection to Merlot"

Logical properties

[edit interfaces at-0/2/0]
user@Cabernet# set unit 100 point-to-point
user@Cabernet# set unit 100 family inet address 10.0.1.1/24
user@Cabernet# set unit 100 vci 0.100

             SONET Interfaces

[edit interfaces so-2/0/0]
user@Cabernet# set description "Connection to Riesling"
user@Cabernet# set sonet-options fcs 32

[edit interfaces so-2/0/0]
user@Cabernet# set unit 0 family inet address 10.0.2.1/30

            IPv6 Support

[edit interfaces at-0/2/0]
user@Cabernet# set unit 100 family inet6 address fec0:0:0:3002::2/64

            IS-IS Support

[edit interfaces lo0]
user@Cabernet# set unit 0 family iso address 49.0001.1921.6800.1001.00

lo0 {
description "This is the router's loopback interface";
  unit 0 {
      family inet {
          address 192.168.1.1/32;
     }
     family iso {
           address 49.0001.1921.6800.1001.00
     }
  }
}

             MPLS Support

[edit interfaces at-0/2/0]
user@Cabernet# set unit 100 family mpls

[edit interfaces]
user@Cabernet# show
at-0/2/0 {
description "Connection to Merlot";
encapsulation atm-pvc;
    atm-options {
    vpi 0 maximum-vcs 200;
    }
    unit 100 {
        point-to-point;
        vci 0.100;
        family inet {
             address 10.0.1.1/24;
        }
        family iso;
        family mpls;
    }
}

Useful Interface Commands (debug)

remote@JUN2> show interfaces extensive em0
Physical interface: em0, Enabled, Physical link is Up
  Interface index: 8, SNMP ifIndex: 17, Generation: 134
  Type: Ethernet, Link-level type: Ethernet, MTU: 1514, Clocking: Unspecified,
  Speed: 1000mbps
  Device flags   : Present Running
  Interface flags: SNMP-Traps
  Link type      : Full-Duplex
  Physical info  : Unspecified
  Hold-times     : Up 0 ms, Down 0 ms
  Current address: 00:ab:b1:c4:72:00, Hardware address: 00:ab:b1:c4:72:00
  Alternate link address: Unspecified
  Last flapped   : 2014-09-30 08:22:33 UTC (05:09:50 ago)
  Statistics last cleared: Never
  Traffic statistics:
   Input  bytes  :                    0
   Output bytes  :                    0
   Input  packets:                  188
   Output packets:                   61
   IPv6 transit statistics:
    Input  bytes  :                   0
    Output bytes  :                   0
    Input  packets:                   0
    Output packets:                   0
  Input errors:
    Errors: 0, Drops: 0, Framing errors: 0, Runts: 0, Giants: 0,
    Policed discards: 0, Resource errors: 0
  Output errors:
    Carrier transitions: 0, Errors: 0, Drops: 0, MTU errors: 0,
    Resource errors: 0

  Logical interface em0.0 (Index 69) (SNMP ifIndex 18) (Generation 134)
    Flags: SNMP-Traps Encapsulation: ENET2
    Traffic statistics:
     Input  bytes  :                39319
     Output bytes  :                 5480
     Input  packets:                  188
     Output packets:                   61
    Local statistics:
     Input  bytes  :                39319
     Output bytes  :                 5480
     Input  packets:                  188
     Output packets:                   61
    Protocol inet, MTU: 1500, Generation: 144, Route table: 0
      Flags: Sendbcast-pkt-to-re, Is-Primary
      Addresses, Flags: Is-Default Is-Preferred Is-Primary
        Destination: 172.16.10/24, Local: 172.16.10.1, Broadcast: 172.16.10.255,
        Generation: 136

remote@JUN2>

Errors Displays the sum of incoming frame aborts and FCS errors.

Policed discards Displays the frames discarded due to an unrecognized format. This field normally reports received protocol packets that the JUNOS software does not understand. For example, if the family iso command were not used, then received IS-IS packets would increment this counter. In addition, protocols such as the Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) are not recognized and thus increment this counter.

L3 incompletes Displays the number of times a received packet fails a Layer 3 header check. For example, a frame with fewer than 20 bytes of available IP header is discarded and the counter is incremented.

L2 channel errors Displays the number of received packets with an unknown Layer 2 address. For example, a packet with DLCI100 as an address is discarded when that DLCI value is not configured on the interface.

L2 mismatch timeouts Displays the number of malformed packets that cause the incoming interface to discard the frame as unreadable.

SRAM errors Displays hardware errors in the static random access memory (SRAM) on the PIC itself. This should always be a value of 0. If not, the PIC is malfunctioning. HS link CRC errors Displays the errors on the internal router links between applicationspecific integrated circuits (ASICs).

Interface Diagnostic Commands

              Loopback Testing

local Loopback

A local loopback is useful for troubleshooting physical PIC errors

[edit interfaces t3-1/2/0]
user@Cabernet# set t3-options loopback local

[edit interfaces t3-1/2/0]
user@Cabernet# show
t3-options {
loopback local;
}
After issuing a commit, we verify the current interface status with the show interfaces
command:
user@Cabernet> show interfaces t3-1/2/0
Physical interface: t3-1/2/0, Enabled, Physical link is Up
Interface index: 14, SNMP ifIndex: 18
Link-level type: PPP, MTU: 4474, Clocking: Internal
Speed: T3, Loopback: Local, CRC: 16, Mode: C/Bit parity
Device flags : Present Running Loop-Detected
Interface flags: Point-To-Point SNMP-Traps
Link flags : Keepalives
Keepalive settings: Interval 10 seconds, Up-count 1, Down-count 3
Keepalive Input: 7230 (00:00:14 ago), Output: 7266 (00:00:09 ago)
NCP state: Down, LCP state: Conf-req-sent
Input rate : 0 bps (0 pps), Output rate: 0 bps (0 pps)
Active alarms : None
Active defects : None
Logical interface t3-1/2/0.0 (Index 105) (SNMP ifIndex 29)
Flags: Hardware-Down Point-To-Point SNMP-Traps, Encapsulation: PPP
Protocol inet, MTU: 4470, Flags: Protocol-Down
Addresses, Flags: Dest-route-down Is-Preferred Is-Primary
Destination: 175.1.1.0/30, Local: 175.1.1.1

remote Loopback

When an interface is operating in a remote loopback mode, packets received from the physical
circuit and CSU are received by the interface. In addition, those same packets are immediately
retransmitted by the PIC back out toward the CSU and the circuit.

[edit interfaces t3-1/2/0]
user@Cabernet# set t3-options loopback remote
 
[edit interfaces t3-1/2/0]
user@Cabernet# show
t3-options {
loopback remote;
}

user@Cabernet> show interfaces t3-1/2/0
Physical interface: t3-1/2/0, Enabled, Physical link is Up
Interface index: 14, SNMP ifIndex: 18
Link-level type: PPP, MTU: 4474, Clocking: Internal
Speed: T3, Loopback: Remote, CRC: 16, Mode: C/Bit parity
Device flags : Present Running
Interface flags: Point-To-Point SNMP-Traps
Link flags : Keepalives
Keepalive settings: Interval 10 seconds, Up-count 1, Down-count 3
Keepalive Input: 7245 (00:00:09 ago), Output: 7281 (00:00:04 ago)
NCP state: Down, LCP state: Conf-req-sent
Input rate : 0 bps (0 pps), Output rate: 0 bps (0 pps)
Active alarms : None
Active defects : None
Logical interface t3-1/2/0.0 (Index 105) (SNMP ifIndex 29)
Flags: Hardware-Down Point-To-Point SNMP-Traps, Encapsulation: PPP
Protocol inet, MTU: 4470, Flags: Protocol-Down

              BERT Testing

[edit interfaces t3-1/2/0]
user@Cabernet# set t3-options bert-period 120

[edit interfaces t3-1/2/0]
user@Cabernet# set t3-options bert-algorithm all-ones-repeating

[edit interfaces t3-1/2/0]
user@Cabernet# set t3-options bert-error-rate 0

[edit interfaces t3-1/2/0]
user@Cabernet# show
t3-options {
bert-algorithm all-ones-repeating;
bert-error-rate 0;
bert-period 120;
}

all-ones-repeating The transmitted pattern is 1111111111111111…
all-zeros-repeating The transmitted pattern is 0000000000000000…
alternating-ones-zeros The transmitted pattern is 1010101010101010…
alternating-double-ones-zeros The transmitted pattern is 1100110011001100…

               Starting and Stopping the Test

user@host> test interface t3-1/2/0 t3-bert-start
user@host> test interface t3-1/2/0 t3-bert-stop

                BERT Test Results

user@Cabernet> show interfaces t3-1/2/0 extensive | find BERT
BERT time period: 120 seconds, Elapsed: 120 seconds (completed)
Algorithm: All ones, Repetitive (22), Error rate: 10e-0
Bit count : 0, Overflows: 0
Error bit count: 0, Overflows: 0
LOS status: OK, LOS count: 1, LOS seconds: 239